URCRM conducts fruitful scientific work in the field of radiation medicine, radiation epidemiology, radiation dosimetry and radiobiology.

Main scientific achievements:
• A system of radiation safety of the population in large-scale radiation accidents has been created, the main components of which are countermeasures to reduce doses to the population throughout the post-accident period, monitoring of public health and the environment, and therapeutic and preventive measures.

• A methodology for screening follow-up of the exposed persons in the long-term period based on the formation of high-risk groups in terms of long-term radiation pathology, based on the analysis of critical organs and systems in people exposed to radiation, has been developed.

• The complex of biomedical equipment and technologies for prognosis, diagnosis and immunotherapy of radiation-induced pathology was created (in co-authorship with Institute of Immunology of the FMBA of Russia). Biotechnological methods and diagnostic facilities (reagents, equipment, software) for personalized prognosis, early diagnosis and immunotherapy of radiation-induced pathology in persons exposed to radiation due to radiation accidents at Chernobyl and Mayak have been developed. The created complex was awarded with the prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology in 2017.

• A methodological complex of determining the radionuclide content in humans, various environmental objects and foodstuffs has been developed; maximum permissible norms of contamination of food, forage, agricultural raw materials and household items that regulate the safety of the population during various periods after the accident, have been determined.

• Recommendations on farming in contaminated territories, processing of products, rehabilitation of territories and population, involvement of contaminated territories in economic use have been developed and implemented

• A scientific basis has been developed for returning radioactively contaminated territories that have been withdrawn from use, to agricultural use.

• the results of the study formed the basis for the development and adoption of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 175-FZ dated November 26, 1998 "On Social Protection of Russian Citizens Exposed to Radiation as a Result of the 1957 Mayak PA Accident and Radioactive Waste Discharges into the Techa River," and numerous State and Federal Targeted Programs

Over the years of its activity, the URCRM has prepared 17 doctors of sciences, 6 professors, 76 candidates of sciences; it has published over 2100 scientific works, obtained 20 documents of protection for inventions, 9 certificates of state registration of software, published 34 monographs and 11 collections of works, prepared and held 10 scientific conferences, including 6 international conferences.
Scientific developments of the URCRM have been implemented in the form of 124 recommendations, sanitary rules, methodological guidelines, instructions aimed at conducting effective therapeutic, preventive, health and protective measures in the exposure of large amount of people. Employees of the URCRM (I.K. Dibobes and I.Y. Panchenko) were awarded the Prize of the USSR Government in 1973, and A.V. Akleyev was awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in 2017.

18 famous Russian and foreign scientists were awarded the title "Honorary Professor of the Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine" for major scientific achievements and significant contributions in solving problems in the field of public protection in radiation accidents.

URCRM actively cooperates with international scientific organizations such as the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Organization for Research on Cancer (IARC), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and others to solve its main tasks.

Employees of the URCRM are leading experts in radiation safety, radiation medicine, radiobiology, radioecology, both in the Russian Federation and abroad, and represent worthily the interests of the Russian Federation in various international institutions and commissions.

Scientific cooperation is carried out within the framework of joint projects with scientific institutes of Japan, Europe and the United States of America, including Intergovernmental Agreement between the Russian Federation and the United States of America dated 14.01.1994.

Prospective areas of scientific research:

• Study of pathogenetic mechanisms of long-term health effects of chronic radiation exposure of people and genetic effects in their offspring
• Development of genetic and cellular technologies aimed at finding biomarkers of individual human radiosensitivity
• Scientific rationale for the use of stem cells in regenerative medicine and the treatment of long-term radiation-induced pathological conditions
• Development of molecular-genetic approaches to personification of risks of long-term tissue and stochastic effects of radiation exposure of people.